Hydropower has surpassed natural gas as the leading energy source for Bitcoin mining, according to the latest network data. Low-carbon energy now powers 59.4% of the Bitcoin network's 190 TWh annual energy consumption. The shift marks a significant milestone in the ongoing greening of the world's largest cryptocurrency.
Hydropower takes the lead
For years, natural gas dominated Bitcoin mining's energy mix, often via flared gas from oil fields. But hydropower has now overtaken it. The change reflects a broader move by miners toward renewable sources, especially in regions with abundant hydroelectric capacity. The exact breakdown of energy sources wasn't provided, but the data makes clear that hydro is now the single largest contributor.
The low-carbon share grows
Low-carbon energy — including hydro, nuclear, wind, and solar — now accounts for nearly three-fifths of the network's total consumption. That's up from previous estimates, which typically put the share around 50% or lower. The 59.4% figure suggests miners are increasingly prioritizing cleaner power, whether for cost reasons, regulatory pressure, or public perception.
What's driving the shift
The rise of hydropower isn't accidental. Many large mining operations have set up shop near hydroelectric dams in places like Quebec, Scandinavia, and parts of China (before the ban). Even after China's crackdown, miners relocated to other hydro-rich areas. The trend has accelerated as more grid-connected miners seek stable, cheap power — and hydro often delivers both. Natural gas, while still widely used, has lost its top spot as hydro capacity has expanded.
The data challenges the old narrative that Bitcoin mining is an environmental disaster. With low-carbon energy now the majority, the network's carbon footprint is shrinking. That could ease pressure from regulators and environmental groups. It also makes Bitcoin more attractive to institutional investors who have ESG mandates. The shift isn't complete — natural gas and coal still play roles — but the direction is clear.
The figures come as the Bitcoin network's total energy consumption remains around 190 TWh, roughly on par with small countries. But the source mix is changing fast. If the trend continues, low-carbon energy could soon approach 70% or higher. For now, hydropower is the king of the mining energy mix.
