Iran and Oman are putting the finishing touches on a set of rules governing the Strait of Hormuz. The talks, which have been underway for some time, are moving forward without any involvement from the United States.
What the talks cover
The two countries are working out navigation and security protocols for the narrow waterway. The Strait of Hormuz is a critical chokepoint for global oil shipments. Roughly a fifth of the world's petroleum passes through it each day. The new rules aim to manage traffic and reduce the risk of incidents in the busy shipping lane.
Neither side has released details of the proposed regulations. But the fact that the talks are nearly done suggests both Iran and Oman see a benefit in codifying how vessels and military craft operate in the strait.
No US at the table
The United States has long maintained a naval presence in the region to ensure freedom of navigation. But these negotiations are strictly bilateral. Washington is not part of the discussions, and there is no indication it has been invited to join.
That marks a shift from past arrangements. For years, the US played a central role in maritime security in the Persian Gulf. Now Iran and Oman are setting their own terms for the strait, without American mediation or oversight.
Oman's balancing act
Oman has historically acted as a diplomatic bridge between Iran and the West. It maintains close ties with both Tehran and Washington. By leading these talks, Muscat is reinforcing its role as a neutral broker in a volatile region.
The sultanate shares control of the Strait of Hormuz with Iran. Together they manage the traffic separation scheme that keeps tankers and cargo ships moving. The new rules are expected to build on that existing framework.
For Iran, the deal offers a chance to formalize its influence over the waterway without direct US pressure. For Oman, it's a way to keep the strait stable and avoid confrontation that could disrupt its own economy.
What happens next
The two sides are expected to finalize the rules in the coming weeks. After that, they will likely announce the agreement publicly and begin implementation. How other nations — especially the US and its Gulf allies — respond remains an open question. The strait is too important for anyone to ignore, but for now, Iran and Oman are writing the playbook alone.
